Cicones
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Κίκονες (EL)
Cicones (EN)

Οι Κίκονες ήταν ένας μυθικός λαός της Θράκης, που κατοικούσε στην περιοχή ανάμεσα στη λίμνη Βιστωνίδα και τις εκβολές του ποταμού Έβρου. Η εκτενέστερη αναφορά σε αυτούς εντοπίζεται στην Οδύσσεια του Ομήρου. Εκεί διαβάζουμε πως η πρώτη περιπέτεια του Οδυσσέα και των συντρόφων του στο ταξίδι της επιστροφής τους από την Τροία στην Ιθάκη έλαβε χώρα στη γη των Κικόνων. Αφού κυρίευσαν την παραθαλάσσια πόλη Ίσμαρο, το γιόρτασαν με γλέντι, φαγητό και κρασί. Όμως δέχτηκαν αντεπίθεση από τους Κίκονες της ενδοχώρας, η οποία τους στοίχισε σε απώλειες, και έτσι στο τέλος αναγκάστηκαν να τραπούν σε φυγή και να επιβιβαστούν στα πλοία τους. Στην ομηρική αφήγηση -μεταξύ άλλων- γίνεται αναφορά και στον ιερέα Μάρωνα, ο οποίος έδωσε στον Οδυσσέα δώδεκα αμφορείς με το περίφημο κρασί του. Σύμφωνα με τον Στράβωνα, πέρα από τον Ίσμαρο, η Ξάνθεια και η Μαρώνεια, που προφανώς πήρε το όνομά της από τον Μάρωνα, συγκαταλέγονταν στις πόλεις των Κικόνων. Στην Ιλιάδα οι Κίκονες αναφέρονται ως σύμμαχοι των Τρώων με αρχηγό τον Εύφημο ή τον Μέντη. Στον Ηρόδοτο οι Κίκονες αναφέρονται ανάμεσα στους λαούς της Θράκης που αναγκάστηκαν να ακολουθήσουν τον Ξέρξη. Ο Ορφέας, ο μυθικός τραγουδιστής της Θράκης, θεωρείται ότι έχει καταγωγή από τους Κίκονες. Μάλιστα γυναίκες των Κικόνων τον διαμέλισαν, όταν εκείνος απέρριψε τις συμβουλές τους, και σκόρπισαν τα κομμάτια του στους αγρούς, για να ακολουθήσει η αναγέννηση-μετενσάρκωσή του. Η χώρα των Κικόνων αναφέρεται και στις Μεταμορφώσεις του Οβιδίου, στην ιστορία του Βορέα, ο οποίος απήγαγε την Ωρείθυια και την οδήγησε εκεί. (EL)
A mythical people of Thrace who lived in the area between Lake Bistonis and the mouth of the river Hebrus. The most extensive account of this people is given by Homer, in the Odyssey. The country of the Cicones was where Odysseus and his companions made their first stop after leaving Troy to sail home. They sacked the coastal city of Ismarus, sparing only Maron, a priest, and celebrated the event with feasting and revelry. They paid for their heedlessness, however, with the lives of several of their comrades, as they were attacked by Cicones from the interior and ended up having to flee to their ships. It is also recorded that the priest Maron gave Odysseus twelve jars of the famous wine of Ismarus. Strabo names two additional Ciconian cities, Xantheia and Maroneia, the latter presumably named after Maron. In the Iliad the Cicones fight on the Trojan side, led by Euphemus or Mentes. Herodotus lists the Cicones among the Thracian peoples swept into Xerxes’ army. Orpheus, the legendary musician of Thrace, is considered to have been a native of that country, but was later torn to pieces by the Ciconian women because he would not listen to their advice; his remains were then scattered over the fields so that he could be regenerated and reincarnated. The land of the Cicones also appears in Ovid’s Metamorphoses, as the place to which Boreas took Oreithyia when he abducted her. (EN)


Ζωναία όρη
Μαρώνεια
Ίσμαρος
Ξάνθη
Λευκοπελαργός


Greek

Text

Ερευνητικό Κέντρο Αθηνά/Ινστιτούτο Επεξεργασίας του Λόγου (EL)
Athena Research Center/Institute for Language and Speech Processing (EN)


Barbarian (Thracian?) warrior
Barbarian (Thracian?) warrior
Date
400 BC - 323 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Late Classical Period
Item type
Relief
Creator
θρακικό εργαστήριο, Thracian workshop
Place
Sofia
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Armed Thracian woman attacking
Armed Thracian woman attacking
Date
480 BC - 450 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Early Classical Period
Item type
Vase
Creator
Ζωγράφος του Ικάρου, Painter of Icarus
Place
Athens
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Thracian warriors charging
Thracian warriors charging
Date
450 BC - 400 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Middle Classical Period
Item type
Vase
Place
Madrid
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Thracian women fill their hydriai from the fountain
Thracian women fill their hydriai from the fountain
Item type
Vase
Creator
Ζωγράφος του Αιγίσθου, Painter of Aegisthus
Place
Madrid
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Three Thracian warriors
Three Thracian warriors
Date
450 BC - 400 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Middle Classical Period
Item type
Vase
Creator
The Painter of the Louvre Centauromachy, Attic workshop, Ζωγράφος της Κενταυρομαχίας του Λούβρου, αττικό εργαστήριο
Place
Nola
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
The Thracian rider
The Thracian rider
Date
31 BC - 324
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Roman Period
Item type
Relief
Place
Thasos Island
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Thracian rider and departure of warriors
Thracian rider and departure of warriors
Date
480 BC - 450 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Early Classical Period
Item type
Vase
Creator
Painter of Pistoxenos, Ζωγράφος του Πιστόξενου
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Armed Thracian woman
Armed Thracian woman
Date
480 BC - 450 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Early Classical Period
Item type
Vase
Creator
Ζωγράφος του Βρυγού, Brygos Painter
Place
Madrid
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Warrior wearing a Thracian cloak
Warrior wearing a Thracian cloak
Date
535 BC - 480 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Late Archaic Period
Item type
Vase
Creator
The Colmar Painter, Attic workshop, Ζωγράφος του Colmar, αττικό εργαστήριο
Place
Faleri
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Geographica 7.8.44
Geographica 7.8.44
Item type
Text
Creator
Strabo, Στράβωνας
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Histories 7.110
Histories 7.110
Item type
Text
Creator
Ηρόδοτος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Etymologicum magnum 513
Etymologicum magnum 513
Item type
Dictionary
Creator
(Kallierges)
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Hodoeporicon Byzantinum I 1451-1455 (p. 42b)
Hodoeporicon Byzantinum I 1451-1455 (p. 42b)
Item type
Text
Creator
Hugo Favolius
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Geographica 7.8.18
Geographica 7.8.18
Item type
Text
Creator
Strabo, Στράβωνας
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Epitome 7.2
Epitome 7.2
Item type
Text
Creator
Απολλόδωρος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Iliad 2.846-847
Iliad 2.846-847
Item type
Text
Creator
Όμηρος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Iliad 2.846-847
Iliad 2.846-847
Item type
Text
Creator
Όμηρος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Histories 7.108
Histories 7.108
Item type
Text
Creator
Ηρόδοτος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Metamorphoses 10.1-3
Metamorphoses 10.1-3
Item type
Text
Creator
Οβίδιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Metamorphoses 6.702-721
Metamorphoses 6.702-721
Item type
Text
Creator
Οβίδιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Odyssey 9.39-66
Odyssey 9.39-66
Item type
Text
Creator
Όμηρος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Iliad 17.70-73
Iliad 17.70-73
Item type
Text
Creator
Όμηρος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Georgica 4.520-522
Georgica 4.520-522
Item type
Text
Creator
Βιργίλιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
The death of Orpheus
The death of Orpheus
Date
450 BC - 400 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Middle Classical Period
Item type
3D Αrtefacts and Realia
Place
Sofia
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Odysseus and his companions are fighting the Cicones before the city of Ismaros
Odysseus and his companions are fighting the Cicones before the city of Ismaros
Date
1453 - 1821
Item type
3D Αrtefacts and Realia
Creator
Francesco Primaticcio
Place
Fontainebleau
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
The death of Orpheus
The death of Orpheus
Date
450 BC - 400 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Middle Classical Period
Item type
3D Αrtefacts and Realia
Place
Sofia
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
The death of Orpheus and Thracians
The death of Orpheus and Thracians
Date
480 BC - 450 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Early Classical Period
Item type
Vase
Creator
Villa Giulia Painter, Attic workshop, Ζωγράφος της Villa Giulia, αττικό εργαστήριο
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Maron gives Odysseus Ismaric wine
Maron gives Odysseus Ismaric wine
Date
400 BC - 323 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Late Classical Period
Item type
Vase
Creator
Maron Painter, Sicilian workshop, Ζωγράφος του Μάρωνα, σικελικό εργαστήριο
Place
Canneto
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)




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