Ares
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Άρης (EL)
Ares (EN)

Ο Άρης συγκαταλέγεται ανάμεσα στους δώδεκα μεγάλους ολύμπιους θεούς. Ήταν γιος του Δία και της Ήρας ή σύμφωνα με ορισμένες μυθικές παραλλαγές, γιος μόνο της Ήρας, η οποία τον απέκτησε «άνευ συνουσίας ανδρός» μόνο από την οσμή του άνθους που της είχε προσφέρει η θεά Ανθούσα. Παράλληλα, ο Άρης σε άλλες μυθικές αναφορές παρουσιάζεται ως γιος του Δία και της Ενυούς, από το όνομα της οποίας προήλθε και η ονομασία «Άρης Ενυάλιος». Ωστόσο, ορισμένοι, υποστηρίζουν ότι ο Ενυάλιος ήταν κάποιος άλλος πολεμικός ήρωας της Θράκης που δολοφονήθηκε από τον Άρη, καθώς ο πρώτος τον θεώρησε κατώτερό του στη μάχη και αρνήθηκε να τον φιλοξενήσει. Σύμφωνα με την παράδοση, ο Άρης γεννήθηκε και ανατράφηκε στη Θράκη  από μια νύμφη, τη Θηρώ, χάρη στην οποία ονομάστηκε από τους Λάκωνες «Άρης Θηρίτας». Παράλληλα, άλλες παραδόσεις αναφέρουν ότι ο Άρης ανατράφηκε από τον Πρίαπο, ο οποίος και του δίδαξε την ορχηστρική και πολεμική τέχνη. Αδερφές του Άρη ήταν η Ήβη και η Ειλείθυια και συμπολεμιστές του ο Κύδοιμος και οι Κήρες. Ο θρακικός λαός γνωστός για τη βαρβαρότητα και τον πολεμικό του χαρακτήρα, τιμούσε τον θεό Άρη και τους απογόνους του, Τηρέα, Λυκούργο και Διομήδη. Από την ομηρική ήδη εποχή, ο Άρης ήταν γνωστός για την πολεμική του ικανότητα, ως εφευρέτης της πανοπλίας και της στρατιωτικής παράταξης στις μάχες, στις οποίες και ριχνόταν με τυφλή μανία χωρίς να σέβεται τους νόμους των ανθρώπων και των θεών. Ωστόσο, ο Άρης δεν ήταν πάντα αήττητος. Όταν η Αθηνά συγκρούστηκε μαζί του, τον νίκησε και το ίδιο συνέβη στη μάχη του με τον Ηρακλή και στην αιχμαλωσία του από τους γίγαντες Αλωάδες. Επιπλέον, η παράδοση αποδίδει στον Άρη αρκετές ερωτικές περιπέτειες, όπως για παράδειγμα την κρυφή ένωσή του με την Αφροδίτη από την οποία προήλθαν ο Δείμος και ο Φόβος και, κατά άλλες μυθικές παραλλαγές, ο Έρωτας, ο Αντέρωτας και η Αρμονία. Στην αρχαία ελληνική τέχνη, ο θεός απεικονιζόταν με θώρακα και περικεφαλαία, οπλισμένος με ακόντιο και ξίφος. Είχε υπερφυσικό ανάστημα και έβγαζε κραυγές που προκαλούσαν τρόμο. Αν και συνήθως μαχόταν πεζός, συχνά εμφανιζόταν και πάνω σε άρμα, το οποίο έσερναν τα δύο άλογά του, Δείμος και Φόβος. Η λατρεία του Άρη από τη Θράκη διαδόθηκε και σε άλλες ελληνικές πόλεις. Κέντρα λατρείας εντοπίζονται στη Βοιωτία, στη Θήβα, στη Λακωνία και αλλού. Τέλος, από τον Άρη πήρε την ονομασία του ο Άρειος Πάγος, το αθηναϊκό δικαστήριο που ήταν αρμόδιο για την εκδίκαση των φόνων. (EL)
One of the twelve great gods of Olympus, Ares was the son of Zeus and Hera, or in some versions the son of Hera alone, conceived by her “without carnal knowledge” merely by smelling a flower offered by the goddess Anthousa. Elsewhere, Ares is referred to as the son of Zeus and Enyo, to whose name he owes the epithet Enyalius (“Ares Enyalius”); others, however, say that Enyalius was a Thracian hero slain by Ares when, deeming the god inferior to him as a warrior, he refused to welcome him into his house. Ares is traditionally held to have been born in Thrace and raised by a nymph called Thero, which is why the Lacedaemonians called him Ares Theritas. Another tradition says that Ares was raised by Priapus, who taught him the arts of dance and war. Hebe and Eileithyia were Ares’ sisters, Cydoemus and the Keres his battlefield companions. The Thracians, known as a barbarous warlike people, had a special veneration for Ares and for his descendants, Tereus, Lycurgus and Diomedes. From the days of Homer Ares was celebrated for his martial skills, as the inventor of armour and battle array, and for waging war with manic fury, heedless of the laws of gods and men. Nonetheless, Ares was not invincible: in clashes with Athena and with Heracles he was defeated, and he was once abducted and imprisoned by the giants Otus and Ephialtes (the Aloadae). There are also many legends about Ares’ love affairs, not least the secret union with Aphrodite from which sprang Deimos and Phobos (Fear and Terror) and, in other versions, Eros, Anteros (Reciprocal Love) and Harmonia. In ancient Greek art Ares was depicted wearing armour and helmet, armed with javelin and sword. He was of more than human height and uttered terrifying cries. Although he usually fought on foot, he sometimes appeared in a chariot drawn by two horses, Deimos and Phobos. From Thrace the cult of Ares spread to other Greek cities; shrines have been found in Boeotia, at Thebes, in Laconia and elsewhere. His name, finally, is preserved in that of the Areopagus, the Athenian court which dealt with cases of homicide. (EN)


Βιστωνίδα


Greek

Text

Ερευνητικό Κέντρο Αθηνά/Ινστιτούτο Επεξεργασίας του Λόγου (EL)
Athena Research Center/Institute for Language and Speech Processing (EN)


Iliad 7.140-151
Iliad 7.140-151
Item type
Text
Creator
Όμηρος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Odyssey 8.330-363
Odyssey 8.330-363
Item type
Text
Creator
Όμηρος, Homer
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Dionysiaca 21.1.-32
Dionysiaca 21.1.-32
Item type
Text
Creator
Νόννος ο Πανοπολίτης
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Greek Anthology 9.805
Greek Anthology 9.805
Item type
Text
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Dionysiaca 20.149-154
Dionysiaca 20.149-154
Item type
Text
Creator
Νόννος ο Πανοπολίτης
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Antigone 968-976
Antigone 968-976
Item type
Text
Creator
Σοφοκλής, Sophocles
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Dionysiaca 21.53-68
Dionysiaca 21.53-68
Item type
Text
Creator
Νόννος ο Πανοπολίτης
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Panegyricus de quarto consulatu Honorii Augusti 523-526
Panegyricus de quarto consulatu Honorii Augusti 523-526
Item type
Text
Creator
Κλαυδιανός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
In Rufinum 2 praef. 17-20
In Rufinum 2 praef. 17-20
Item type
Text
Creator
Κλαυδιανός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
In Eutropium 2.160-173
In Eutropium 2.160-173
Item type
Text
Creator
Κλαυδιανός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Gigantomachia 73-91
Gigantomachia 73-91
Item type
Text
Creator
Κλαυδιανός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
In Eutropium 2.103-111
In Eutropium 2.103-111
Item type
Text
Creator
Κλαυδιανός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
De raptu Proserpinae 1.130-140
De raptu Proserpinae 1.130-140
Item type
Text
Creator
Κλαυδιανός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Technopaegnion 3.6-10
Technopaegnion 3.6-10
Item type
Text
Creator
Αυσόνιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
In Rufinum 1.357-376
In Rufinum 1.357-376
Item type
Text
Creator
Κλαυδιανός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Panegyricus dictus Probino et Olybrio consulibus 119-123
Panegyricus dictus Probino et Olybrio consulibus 119-123
Item type
Text
Creator
Κλαυδιανός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Description of Greece 3.19.8
Description of Greece 3.19.8
Item type
Text
Creator
Παυσανίας, Pausanias
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Histories 5.7.1
Histories 5.7.1
Item type
Text
Creator
Herodotus, Ηρόδοτος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Hymn to Delos 60-69
Hymn to Delos 60-69
Item type
Text
Creator
Callimachus, Καλλίμαχος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Hymn to Delos 131-139
Hymn to Delos 131-139
Item type
Text
Creator
Callimachus, Καλλίμαχος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
De Lingua Latina 5.73.10
De Lingua Latina 5.73.10
Item type
Text
Creator
Βάρρωνας, Varro
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Praeparatio Evangelica 3.1.5
Praeparatio Evangelica 3.1.5
Item type
Text
Creator
Ευσέβιος Καισαρείας, Eusebius
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Aeneid 3.10-18
Aeneid 3.10-18
Item type
Text
Creator
Virgil, Βιργίλιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Hecuba 1085-1108
Hecuba 1085-1108
Item type
Text
Creator
Euripides, Ευριπίδης
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Panegyricus dictus Probino et Olybrio consulibus 113-123
Panegyricus dictus Probino et Olybrio consulibus 113-123
Item type
Text
Creator
Κλαυδιανός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Extracts from Homer’s Iliad 673.51
Extracts from Homer’s Iliad 673.51
Item type
Text
Creator
Eustathius, Ευστάθιος Θεσσαλονίκης
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Thebaid 9.434-439
Thebaid 9.434-439
Item type
Text
Creator
Στάτιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Extracts from Homer’s Odyssey 314.31-32
Extracts from Homer’s Odyssey 314.31-32
Item type
Text
Creator
Eustathius, Ευστάθιος Θεσσαλονίκης
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Thebaid 4.786-796
Thebaid 4.786-796
Item type
Text
Creator
Statius, Στάτιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Aeneis 12.331-336
Aeneis 12.331-336
Item type
Text
Creator
Virgil, Βιργίλιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Thebaid 6.663-667
Thebaid 6.663-667
Item type
Text
Creator
Statius, Στάτιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Fasti 5.255-258
Fasti 5.255-258
Item type
Text
Creator
Ovid, Οβίδιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Thebais 7.34-63
Thebais 7.34-63
Item type
Text
Creator
Statius, Στάτιος
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Punica 4.430-444
Punica 4.430-444
Item type
Text
Creator
Silius Italicus, Σίλιος Ιταλικός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Descriptio orbis terrarum 846-850
Descriptio orbis terrarum 846-850
Item type
Text
Creator
Αβιηνός
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Armed Ares
Armed Ares
Date
31 BC - 324
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Roman Period
Item type
Coin
Creator
νομισματοκοπείο Σερδικής, mint of Serdika
Place
Sofia
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Ares and Aphrodite
Ares and Aphrodite
Date
31 BC - 324
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Roman Period
Item type
Mosaic
Place
Shahbā
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Ares fighting Gigantes
Ares fighting Gigantes
Date
480 BC - 323 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Classical Period
Item type
Vase
Creator
Suessula Painter, Attic workshop, Ζωγράφος της Suessula, αττικό εργαστήριο
Place
Milos Island
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Ares attending the procession of the Panathenaic festival along with other gods
Ares attending the procession of the Panathenaic festival along with other gods
Date
450 BC - 400 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Middle Classical Period
Item type
Relief
Creator
sculptor Pheidias, Attica, γλύπτης Φειδίας, Αττική
Place
Athens
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Ares Borghese
Ares Borghese
Date
150 BC - 31 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Late Hellenistic Period
Item type
Archaeological object, Sculpture
Creator
ρωμαϊκό αντίγραφο, γλύπτης Αλκαμένης (420-410 π.Χ.), Roman copy, sculptor Alkamenes (420-410 BC)
Place
Rome
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Ares is present at the birth of Athena
Ares is present at the birth of Athena
Date
575 BC - 535 BC
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Middle Archaic Period
Item type
Vase
Creator
Ζωγράφοι της Ομάδας Ε, αττικό εργαστήριο, Painters of Group E, Attic workshop
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Dionysus, Ares and Aphrodite
Dionysus, Ares and Aphrodite
Date
843 - 1204
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Middle Byzantine Period
Item type
3D Αrtefacts and Realia
Creator
εργαστήριο στην Κωνσταντινούπολη, workshop in Constantinople
Place
Madrid
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Slapende Mars (Mars asleep)
Slapende Mars (Mars asleep)
Date
1453 - 1821
Item type
3D Αrtefacts and Realia
Creator
Hendrick ter Brugghen (1588-1629)
Place
Amsterdam
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Ares
Ares
Date
1453 - 1821
Item type
Archaeological object, Sculpture
Creator
designer: Schadow, sculptor: Karl Wichmann, σχεδιαστής: Schadow, γλύπτης: Karl Wichmann
Place
Berlin
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
The god Ares excites men to war
The god Ares excites men to war
Date
1204 - 1821
ekt:Proxy.dcterms:temporal.en
Ottoman Period, Late Byzantine Period
Item type
3D Αrtefacts and Realia
Place
Lyon
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Ares and Aphrodite at Mount Parnassus
Ares and Aphrodite at Mount Parnassus
Date
1453 - 1821
Item type
3D Αrtefacts and Realia
Creator
Andrea Mantegna (1431-1506)
Place
Mantova
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Armoured Ares
Armoured Ares
Date
1453 - 1821
Item type
3D Αrtefacts and Realia
Creator
πιθανώς Jean Limosin (1580-1646), probably Jean Limosin (1580-1646)
Place
Limoges
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)
Ares and Aphrodite
Ares and Aphrodite
Date
1453 - 1821
Item type
3D Αrtefacts and Realia
Creator
Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510)
Place
Florence
Institution
Athena RC / Institute for Language and Speech Processing (ILSP)




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